754. G. Brockelbank, Point Blackheath-Metals from ores. 756. G. F. Wilson, Belmont, Vauxhall-Dyeing turkey red. APPLICATION WITH COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FILED. 828. H. Kemp, Creekmoor, Poole-Preparation of wood for planking.-8th April, 1854. WEEKLY LIST OF PATENTS SEALED. 2357. Sir John Scott Lillie, of 4, South street, Finsbury-Improvements in machinery for breaking stones and other hard substances. 2368. Mary Ann Davy, of Homerton, and Ann Taylor, of IslingtonImprovements in the mechanical application of brushes. 2369. William Palmer, of Brighton-Improvements in ventilating. 2378. John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's inn fields-Improvements in the manufacture of iron. 2379. Buckley Royle, and William MacEwan Chell, both of Manchester-Method of treating silk waste arising from winding, warping, and weaving silk, and rendering it capable of being spun or otherwise employed. 2384. Alexander McDougall, of Manchester-Improvements in the process of obtaining fatty matters from products arising in the manufacture of glue and other gelatinous substances. 2390. John Macmillan Dunlop, of Manchester-Improvements in machinery or apparatus for pressing goods; applicable also to raising or removing heavy bodies. 2419. William Binns, of Leeds-Improvements in the treatment or finishing of woollen and worsted fabrics. 2428. Jonathan Woofenden, of Belfast-Improvements in powerlooms for weaving. 2528. James Chesterman, of Sheffield-Improvements in hardening and tempering steel, and in grinding, glazing, buffing, and brushing steel and other metallic articles. 2563. William Racster, of the Royal Military Academy, WoolwichImprovements in the construction and arrangement of the buffing apparatus of railway carriages, and the mode of applying the buffer and draw-springs to such carriages. 2867. Frederick Osbourn, of Aldersgate street-Improvements applicable to the distribution of manure. 657. J. Horton, Shoreditch, and R. J. Polglase, Stepney-Ships' 2900. Benjamin Fullwood, 23, Abbey street, Bermondsey-Improveboilers, girders, &c. 731. J. Sandys, 72, Upper Whitecross street-Electric telegraph instruments. 732. T. R. Crampton, 15, Buckingham street, Strand-Crushing, &c., ores. 733. P. J. Passavant, and J. Cure, Bradford-Combing wool, &c. 734. W. Simpson, Birmingham-Railway signals. 735. H. Y. D. Scott, Queen's terrace, Woolwich-Cement. 736. E. C. Willis, Cambridge-Sheet gutta percha. 737. A. V. Newton, 66, Chancery lane-Hone. (A communication.) Dated 1st April, 1854. 744. D. Forbes, Edinburgh-Reference for books. 746. J. Inshaw and J. Parker, Birmingham-Suppressing smoke and increasing draught. 750. A. V. Newton, 66, Chancery lane-Sewing machinery. (A communication.) ments in the manufacture of cement. 70. Marcel Vetillart, of Le Mans-Improvements in drying woven fabrics, yarns, and other goods. 197. Sydney Smith, of Hyson Green Works, near NottinghamImprovements in valves or apparatus for regulating the passage and supply of fluids. 206. William Palmer, of Brighton-Improvements in the manufacture of materials for and in constructing houses and other buildings. 258. Albert Robinson, of 9, Whitehall place-Improvements in preparing compositions for coating iron and other ships' bottoms, and other surfaces. 264. James Stevens, of Darlington Works, Southwark Bridge roadImprovements in apparatus for giving railway signals. 288. Thomas and William Hemsley, of Melbourne, Derby-Improvements in the manufacture of looped fabrics. 296. Edward Poitiers, of Malden terrace, Haverstock hill-New material for the manufacture of cordage, canvas, and linen, and generally as a substitute for hemp and flax. 301. Abraham Pope, of 81, Edgware road-Improvements in machinery for crushing, grinding, amalgainating, and washing quartz or matters containing gold. 327. Jacques Rives, of 8, Hotel Motay, Paris-Improvements in railways and railway carriages. 347. James Cox, of Wenlock road, City road-Improvements in knives for cutting paper and other materials. 250. John Greenwood, of Irwell Springs, near Bacup-Improvements in dyeing textile materials or fabrics. 390. William Morrison, of Bowling, Dumbarton-Improvements in railway wheels. Sealed April 18th, 1954. 2399. George Louis Stocks, of Limehouse Hole-Improvements in ships' jack stays for masts, and gaffs for fore and aft sails. 2401. Alphonse Doste Noel, of Chancery lane-Improvements in the manufacture of zinc white. (A communication.) 2403. Cornelius Nicholson, of 3, New Broad street-Apparatus for avoiding collisions of trains on railways. 2558. James Scott, Shrewsbury-Improved apparatus for shifting carriages, waggons, engines, and other vehicles on railways and tramways. 55. The Reverend William Renwick Bowditch, of WakefieldImprovements in economising fuel, and in the more economical production of light and heat. Sealed April 19, 1854. 752. J. H. Johnson, 47, Lincoln's inn fields-Printing fabrics. (A 2410. William Roy, senior, of Cross Arthurlie, Renfrew-Improvecommunication.) ments in printing textile fabrics and other surfaces. No. 75. Vol. II.] JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF ARTS. Journal of the Society of Arts. FRIDAY, APRIL 28, 1854. EDUCATIONAL EXHIBITION. The following names have been added to the Committee since the publication of the last Journal: Bennett, W. Sterndale, R.A. Mus. Bowstead, Joseph, H.M. Inspector of Schools Buist, George, M.D. (of Bombay) Cazalet, Rev. W. W., R.A. Mus. Chichester, the Bishop of [APRIL 28, 1854. Hereford, R. Hunt, Dr. Latham, W. Linton, H. C. Lunn, Rev. H. Moseley, Professor R. Owen, Dr. Playfair, Rev Baden Powell, Rev. P. Smith, Professor John Wilson, R. N. Wornum. The Sub-Committee for Finance has met twice. The Sub-Committee for Correspondence has met twice. The Sub-Committee for Classification, Arrangement, and Selection, met on Tuesday last, and determined to issue forthwith a Classified List of Objects for Exhibition. The Sub-Committee for Lectures has met once. Mr. H. Chester, the Chairman of Council, is ex officio a member of all Committees and all SubCommittees. Mr. J. M. Dodd has been appointed General Superintendent of this Exhibition. TRADE MUSEUM. Eastlake, Sir Charles L., President of the Royal Academy The following letter has been received from the Colonial Ebrington, Viscount Frankland, Prof. E., Owen's College, Manchester Waley, Jacob Willis, Professor, F.R.S. The Council has appointed the following members of its body to be the sub-committee for finance : Mr. H. Cole, Mr. C. Wentworth Dilke, (V.P.), Mr. P. Graham (Auditor), Dr. Lyon Playfair, Mr. S. Redgrave (Treasurer), and Mr. Winkworth (Treasurer). The Committee met on Friday last at five o'clock, and, after electing for its Chairman the Earl Granville, who has accepted the office, proceeded to name the members to serve on the sub-committees as follows:: Sub-Committee for Correspondence ::-Lord Berriedale, Lord Ebrington (chairman), Mr. Joseph Kay, Mr. F. R. Sandford, Mr. E. C. Tufnell, and Mr. Twining. Sub-Committee for Classification, Arrangement, and Selection,.-Rev. J. Barlow, H. Cole, H. Chester, Rev. S. Clark, John Crossly, C. W. Dilke, H. Dunn, P. Graham Dean of Hereford, Edward Hughes, John Hullah, Rev. M. Mitchell, Rev. H. Moseley, Dr. Playfair, J. Reynolds, B. Scott, T. Twining, jun., Professor Willis (chairman), J. Waley. Sub-Committee for Lectures.-Messrs. C. Babbage (chairman), Rev. J. Barlow, Sir G. Clerk, Bart., Dean of Office, in reply to a communication from the Council of the Society of Arts: "Downing Street, 15th April, 1854. "SIR,-In answer to your letter of the 3rd instant, I am directed by the Duke of Newcastle to request you will inform the Council of the Society of Arts that when the contemplated North Australian Exploring Expedition shall have been organised, his Grace will not fail to bear in mind the suggestion of the Society respecting the collection of specimens the produce of the districts about to be explored, and he will direct the officer who may be charged with the conduct of the Expedition to communicate with Professor Solly, in order that he may make arrangements for that purpose. "I am, Sir, "Your obedient Servant, FREDERICK PEEL." FRENCH EXHIBITION OF 1855. Board of Trade, Department of Science and Art, Marlborough House, Pall Mall, April 17, 1854. The Right Honourable the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade and Plantations have received, through the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a copy of the General Regulations for the Management of the Universal Exhibition at Paris, in 1855. NAPOLEON, By the Grace of God, and the national will, Emperor of the French. To all whom it may concern, greeting: Having considered the project proposed by the Imperial Commission for the regulation of the Universal Exhibition of Industrial and Agricultural Products and of the Fine Arts, We have decreed and do decree, as follows: The rules for the general regulation of the Universal Exbition, herewith annexed are approved. Palace of the Tuileries, 6th April, 1854. By the Emperor : ACHILLE FOULD, Minister of State. NAPOLEON, P. MAGNE, Minister, Secretary of State for Article I. The Universal Exhibition to be held at Paris, in the year 1855, will receive Agricultural and Industrial Products, and Works of Art, from all nations. It will be opened on the 1st May, and will be closed on the 31st October of the same year. Article II. The Exhibition of 1855 is placed under the direction of the Imperial Commission, nominated by the Decree of the 24th December, 1853. Article III. In every department a Committee, nominated by the Prefet, in accordance with the instructions of the Imperial Commission, will be charged with the necessary measures for the success of the Exhibition, and with the rejection and selection, at proper times, of articles presented. Local sub-committees, or special agents will also be established, should the Imperial Commission deem it necessary, in every town and centre of industry where the necessity may be felt. Article IV. Special instructions will be addressed, in the name of the Imperial Commission, to the Ministers of War and Marine, for the exhibition of the products of Algiers and the French Colonies. Article V. Foreign Governments are invited to appoint, for the selection, examination, and transmission of their national products, committees, whose formation and composition should be notified as soon as possible to the Imperial Commission, in order that the Imperial Commission may immediately place itself in communication with such committees. Article VI. The departmental Committees, as well as Foreign Committees, authorised by their respective Governments, will correspond directly with the Imperial Commissioners, who will hold no correspondence whatever with single exhibitors, either French or foreign. Article VII. Frenchmen or foreigners who propose exhibiting, must address themselves to the Committee of the department, colony, or country which they inhabit. Foreigners, resident in France, may address the Official Committee of their respective countries. Article VIII. No article will be admitted to the Exhibition which is not sent with the authorization and under the seal of the Departmental or Foreign Committees. Article IX. Foreign and Departmental Committees should make known as soon as possible the probable number of exhibitors in their division and the space they consider they will require. Article X. On receipt of this communication, the Imperial Commission, will, without delay, proceed to the division of the space, between France and the other countries, pro rata to the demands made. Article XI. When this division is completed notification will immediately be sent to the foreign and French Committees, who will themselves have to subdivide the space thus allotted to them, amongst the exhibitors of their divisions. Article XII. The List of Exhibitors admitted, must be sent to the Imperial Commission, by the latest, the 30th November, 1854. These lists must indicate: 1. The names, christian names (or name of firm), profession, and residence, of intending exhibitors. 2. The nature and the number or quantity of the articles they wish to exhibit. 3. The space which they will occupy in height, breadth, and depth. These lists, as well as any other documents, coming from foreign countries should, whenever possible, be accompanied by a translation in the French language. ADMISSION AND CLASSIFICATION OF PRODUCTS. Article XIII. All articles, the products of Agriculture, Industry, or Art, except those mentioned below, are admissable to the Universal Exhibition: 1. Living animals and plants. 2. Animal and vegetable substances in a fresh state, and susceptible of alteration. 3. Explosive substances, and generally those substances which are acknowledged as dangerous. 4. Those articles which, from their bulk, do not come within the scope of the Exhibition. Article XIV. Spirit or alcohols, oils and essences, acids and corrosive salts, and generally those bodies easily inflammable, or which from their nature are likely to produce combustion, will only be admitted to the Exhibition when contained in strong vessels, perfectly closed; the proprietors of these products will in addition be bound to submit to any conditions of safety that may be prescribed to them. right of excluding from the building, on the proposition of Article XV. The Imperial Commission will have the them hurtful and incompatible with the objects of the competent agents, such French products as may appear to Exhibition, and those which are in excess of the requirements or wants of the Exhibition. Article XVI. The Exhibition will be divided into Two distinct Divisions-the Products of Industry and Works of Art; in every country they will be distributed into eight groups, comprising thirty classes, namely; 1st Group.-Industrial Pursuits having for their principal 3rd 2nd 4th Class.-Agriculture. Group.-Industry having for its special object the 5th Class.-Special Machinery and Apparatus for Rail- 6th 7th Class. Special Machinery and Apparatus for the 3rd Group.-Manufactures, specially based on the employ- Industry applied to the 9th Class.-Manufactures relating to the economical production and employment of Heat, Light, and Electricity. 10th 11th Class.-Chemical Manufactures, Dyeing and Print- 4th Group.-Industry specially relating to Learned Pro- 12th Class.-Hygiene, Pharmacy, Medicine, and Surgery. 13th Class.-Naval and Military Art. 14th Class.-Civil Engineering and Building. 15th Class.-Steel and its Products. 17th Class.-Goldsmiths' Work, Jewellery, and Bronzes. 6th Group.-Woven Fabrics. 19th Class.-Cotton Manufactures. 22nd Class.-Flax and Hemp Manufactures. 23rd Class.-Hosiery, Hats and Caps, Carpets, Gold and Silver Lace Fringes, Embroidery, Lace, &c. 7th Group.-Furniture and Decoration, Fashions, Industrial Design, Printing, Music. 24th Class.-Industry applied to Furniture and Decoration. 25th Class.-Articles of Clothing, Objects of Fashion and Fancy. 26th Class.-Drawing and Modelling applied to Industry. 27th Class.-Manufacture of Musical Instruments. 28th Class.-Painting, Engraving, and Lithography. 29th Class.-Sculpture and Die-sinking. 30th Class.-Architecture. RECEPTION AND PLACING OF GOODS. Article XVII. Goods, both foreign and French, will be received at the Exhibition Building from the 15th January to the 15th March, 1855, inclusive. Nevertheless, in the case of manufactured articles which are likely to suffer from being kept too long packed, a supplemental delay will be allowed, which, however, in no case must extend beyond the 15th April, on the condition that every arrangement necessary for their proper display and exhibition is prepared beforehand. All heavy and cumbersome objects, and any others which require much labour for their fixing, must be sent before the end of February. Article XVIII. The Committees of each country and of each French department are requested, whenever possible, to send in one consignment the products of their divisions. Article XIX. The consignment of each exhibitor, whether sent with that of other exhibitors or alone, must be accompanied by the bulletin of admission, delivered by the competent authority. This bulletin in triplicate, diawn up in the form prescribed in Article XII., will bear in addition, the number and weight of the different packages belonging to the same exhibitor, as well as the particulars and price of every article composing the consignment. A copy of the form in which this bulletin is to be made out will be sent to every French and foreign Committee. Article XX. French products destined for the Universal Exhibition will be forwarded from places pointed out by the Departmental and Colonial Committees, and taken back to the same places, at the expense of the State. Foreign products, having the same destination, will be equally brought to Paris, but only from the French frontier, and will be sent back under the same con ditions. Article XXI. The packages must be addressed to the Commissioner for classifying in the Exhibition building. Article XXII. The address of each package destined for the Exhibition must bear in legible charactersThe place from which it is sent. The name of the exhibitor. The nature of the contents. FORM OF ADDRESS. A Monsieur le Commissaire du Classement de Au Palais de l'Exposition.-Paris. Consignment of [name and christian names of exhibitor or firm], residing at [residence or situation of establishment], exhibitor of [nature of product exhibited]. Article XXIII. Packages containing the products of several exhibitors must bear on them the names of each exhibitor, and be accompanied by a separate bulletin of admission for each of them. Article XXIV. Exhibitors are invited not to send separately packages of less dimensions than half mètre cube, and to place in the same packing-case with other packages of the same class those which come within these dimensions. Article XXV. The admission of products to the Exhibition will be gratuitous. Article XXVI. Exhibitors will not be subject to any kind of payment, either for space or entrance, or on any other pretence whatever, during the time of the Exhibition. Article XXVII. The Imperial Commission will provide for the custody, placing, and arrangement of products in the interior of the Exhibition building, also for the necessary works for setting machinery in motion. Article XXVIII. Tables and counters, floors, enclosures, barriers, and partitions between the different Article XXX. No arrangements, dispositions, or ornamentations will be allowed to be executed which do not the surveillance of inspectors, who will determine on conform to the general plan, and must be executed under the colour of the painting, hangings, and draperies. the height, form, and projections of counters, as well as on Article XXXI. Decorators recommended or approved by the Imperial Commission, will be at the service of the exhibitors, and their charges will be regulated by the agents appointed for that purpose, if the exhibitor desire it. Nevertheless exhibitors are at liberty to employ, with the authority of the Commission, such workmen as they may themselves choose. Article XXXII. Exhibitors who may wish to exhibit machines or other objects of an extraordinary weight or size, and which will require foundations or particular constructions, must make a declaration to that effect on their demand for space. Article XXXIII. Those likewise who exhibit machines requiring steam power, fountains or hydraulic engines, must state their intention in proper time, and name the quantity and pressure of water or steam which will be necessary for them. Article XXXIV. All products will be arranged together by nations, in the order of classification indicated by Article XVI.; nevertheless the different products of one individual, of one corporation, town, department or colony can, if there is space enough, be exhibited in particular groups, when such dispositions do not essentially interfere with the established order. Article XXXV. The Imperial Commission will take every necessary precaution to preserve objects exhibited from every chance of damage; but if, notwithstanding the precautions taken, an accident should happen, the Commission will not be responsible for the damage that may result. These risks exhibitors must take on themselves, as also the expense of insurance, if they judge this precaution necessary. Article XXXVI. The Imperial Commission will also provide a numerous and active staff for watching the objects exhibited; but they will not be responsible for any thefts or frauds that may be committed. Article XXXVII. Every exhibitor will be allowed to employ an agent to watch his own goods. Notice must: be given before the opening of the Exhibition, of the name and station of this agent; he will have a ticket of admis sion delivered him, which he will not be allowed either to transfer or lend during the period of the Exhibition, on pain of forfeiture. Article XXXVIII. Agents of Exhibitors must confine themselves to answering any questions that may be addressed to them, and to giving cards of address, prospectuses, or price lists, when asked for. They will be forbidden, on pain of expulsion, from soliciting the attention of visitors, or from inviting them to buy objects exhibited. Article XXXIX. The selling price of any article exhi- ; bited may be prominently affixed to it. Any exhibitor desirous of doing so, must previously make a declaration before his Committee, either local, French, or foreign, who will certify the price, after testing its verity. The price thus affixed will, in case of a sale, be obligatory on the Exhibitor, as regards the buyer. In any case where the declaration of price shall be proved false by the Imperial Commission, they will have the power of turning the article out of the Exhibition, and excluding the exhibitor from exhibiting. Article XL. Articles sold cannot be removed until the close of the Exhibition. FOREIGN PRODUCTS. Customs. Article XLI. As regards foreign products admitted to the Exhibition, the Exhibition Building will be considered as a bonded warehouse. Article XLII. These products, accompanied by the Bulletins mentioned in Article 19, will enter France by the ports and frontier towns undermentioned :: Lille, Valenciennes, Forbach, Wissembourg, Strasbourg, Saint Louis, Les Verrières-de-Joux, Pont-de-Beauvoisin, Chapareillan, Saint Laurent-du-Var. Marseille, Cette, Port-Vendres, Perpignan, Bayonne, Bourdeaux, Nantes, Le Havre, Boulogne, Calais, and Dunkirk. Article XLIII. The consignments may be addressed to agents named by the Imperial Commission in each of these ports or towns; these agents will, for a certain tariff previously arranged, undertake all the necessary formalities regarding customs, and forward the goods to the Exhibition building. Article XLIV. Foreign products thus entering France will be received at the Exhibition building, where they will then be taken charge of by Custom-house officers. Article XLV. The packages can only be unpacked in the interior of the building, in presence of the Exhibitors or their representatives, and under the care of the Custom-house officers. Article XLVI. One copy of the Bulletin of contents, which will be considered as the original certificate, will remain in the hands of the Customs, another will be given to the Commissioners for classifying the Exhibition, and the third to the Secretary-General of the Imperial Commission. Article XLVII. Foreign Exhibitors or their agents will have to declare, after the closing of the Exhibition, whether their goods are intended for re-exportation or for interior consumption. In this latter case they can immediately dispose of them by paying the duty, in determining the amount of which the administration of Customs will take into account the depreciation that may result from their having been exposed for exhibition. Article XLVIII. Articles hitherto prohibited will, as an exceptional case, be admitted for interior consumption, on paying a duty of twenty per cent. on their actual value. This duty is the maximum that will be demanded on any article destined for exhibition. INTERIOR ORGANIZATION AND POLICE ARRANGEMENTS. Article XLIX. The interior organization and police of the Exhibition will be placed under the authority of an Executive Committee, composed of different Heads of Department, who will determine all questions under their jurisdiction. Article L. A notice, which will be published before the time fixed for the reception of goods, will be posted in the building, and will determine all points relative to the interior regulations, and will also name the persons charged to aid exhibitors, and to take care of the order and security of the Exhibition. Article LI. Agents and officers attached to the Foreign Division of the Exhibition will speak the language of one or several of the nations to which they may be attached. Interpreters officially recognised by the Imperial Commission will besides be established in different parts of the foreign division. the Exhibition, but which has not been registered or patented, by making a demand before the opening of the obtain from the Imperial Commission a certificate deExhibition, or during the first month of the opening, may scribing the object exhibited. the object described the exclusive privilege of using it Article LIV. This certificate ensures to the holder of for the period of one year, commencing from the 1st inventor may take out before the expiration of that May, 1855, without prejudicing any patent that the period. must be accompanied by an exact description of the obArticle LV. Every demand for a certificate of invention ject or objects to be protected, and, if necessary, of a plan or drawing of the said objects. which will be taken regarding them, will be inscribed in Article LVI. These demands, as well as the decisions timately deposited with the Ministers of Agriculture, a register opened for that purpose, and which will be ulserve as proof when needed during the time fixed on Commerce, and Public Works (Office of Industry), to for the validity of these certificates. Article LVII. These certificates will be given gratuitously. JURIES AND REWARDS. Article LVIII. The decisions as to the rewards for articles exhibited, will be confided to a great International Mixed Jury. This Jury will be composed of Jurors and Deputies, who will be divided into thirty Special Juries, corresponding to the thirty classes indicated in Article 16. Article LIX. The number of Jur ors for each Special Jury is fixed as follows: For each of the classes Nos. 3, 10, 20, and 23 21, 25, and 26 Nos. 1, 4, 5, 9, 11, 15, 22, and 27 8 Article LX. The number of Jurors to be appointed, will be for France, and likewise for each foreign country, in proportion to the number of exhibitors furnished by each country. Article LXI. The Official Committee of each nation exhibiting, will appoint the persons forming the number of Jurors which it is entitled to nominate. The French Jurors for the first twenty-seven classes, will be nominated by the members of the Imperial Commission forming the section of Agriculture and Industry, and for the three last classes, by the members of the section of Fine Arts. Article LXII. In the case of the Committee of a country exhibiting, not appointing the Jurors who ought to represent that country, the vacancy will be filled by the general assembly of Jurors present. the Jurors amongst the different classes; they will also Article LXIII. The Imperial Commission will divide determine the general rules which will serve as the basis of operations for the Special Juries. Article LXIV. Each Special Jury will have a President, who will be named by the Imperial Commission, also a Vice President and a Reporter, who will be nomi Article LII. Foreign Governments are requested to accredit to the Imperial Commission, Special Commis sioners, charged to represent their countries at the Exhibi-nated by a majority of votes of the Jury. tion during the operations of reception, classifying, and placing the goods, as well as under any other circumstances where their interests are in question. PROTECTION OF DESIGNS AND INVENTIONS. Article LIII. Every exhibitor, the inventor or legal proprietor of any process, machine, or design admitted to Article LXV. In the case of no member obtaining a decided majority, the choice between the candidates having the greatest number of votes will be by lot. Article LXVI. The President of each Jury, and in his absence the Vice-President, will have a casting vote. distributed into groups, representing those manufactures Article LXVII. The Special Juries will besides be |