World Hypotheses: A Study in EvidenceUniversity of California Press, 1942 - 348 oldal "World hypotheses" correspond to metaphysical systems, and they may be systematically judged by the canons of evidence and corroboration. In setting forth his root-metaphor theory and examining six such hypotheses—animism, mysticism, formism, mechanism, contextualism, and organicism—Pepper surveys the whole field of metaphysics. Because this book is an analytical study, it stresses issues rather than men. It seeks to exhibit the sources of these issues and to show that some are unnecessary; that the rest gather into clusters and are interconnected in systems corresponding closely to the traditional schools of philosophy. The virtue of the root-metaphor method is that it puts metaphysics on a purely factual basis and pushes philosophical issues back to the interpretation of evidence. This book was written primarily as a contribution to the field, but its plan excellently suits it for use as a text in courses in metaphysics, types of philosophical theory, or present tendencies in philosophy. |
Tartalomjegyzék
The Utter Skeptic | 1 |
Dogmatists | 11 |
Evidence and Corroboration | 39 |
Types of Corroboration in Refined Knowledge | 47 |
Data and Positivists | 60 |
Hypotheses | 71 |
CHAPTER PACE | 84 |
Examples of Inadequacies in World | 115 |
Secondary Categories | 215 |
Mechanistic Theory of Truth | 221 |
Contextualism 1 The Contextualistic Root Metaphor | 232 |
Derivation of the Contextualistic Categories | 233 |
Quality | 237 |
Strands and Context of Texture | 246 |
References of Strands | 252 |
Individual Textures | 264 |
A General View of the Hypotheses | 141 |
1 | 151 |
Root Metaphor and Categories of Transcendent | 162 |
Amalgamation of the Immanent and the Tran scendent Categories of Formism | 167 |
Concrete Existence | 170 |
Truth in Formism | 180 |
The Transition to Mechanism | 184 |
Mechanism 1 Two Poles of Mechanism | 186 |
The Mechanistic Root Metaphor | 187 |
The Mechanistic Categories | 191 |
Discrete Mechanism | 195 |
Consolidated Mechanism | 212 |
Operational Theory of Truth PAGE | 268 |
Organicism 1 The Root Metaphor of Organicism | 280 |
The Categories of Organicism | 281 |
An Illustration | 283 |
Application of the Categories | 290 |
Time and Truth 280 | 308 |
SUMMARY CRITICISMS AND ANSWERS | 315 |
Review and Conclusions 1 A Review of the Argument | 317 |
The Criticisms | 332 |
The Answers 317 | 334 |
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accept actually adequacy adequate world theory Anaximander Anaximenes animistic appear attitude beatific believe called certainty character cognitive claims cognitive value common sense common-sense fact concepts contextualism contextualist contradictions conventionalistic criteria criterion criticism danda definition degree Dewey dogmatic dogmatist doubt dubitanda eclectic eclecticism emotion empirical event evidence experience field formism grounds hypostatization hypothesis inadequacy indubitable infallible authority integration interpretations intuition judgment knowledge laws logical means mechanism mechanistic ment method multiplicative corroboration mystic nature norms objects observations organicism organicist organism physical Plotinus pointer readings positivism positivist postulates precisely present principle Process and Reality pure facts reality reason red tomato reference refined data relatively adequate world reliable roboration root metaphor root-metaphor theory seems self-evidence set of categories simply sort specious present strands structural corroboration structural hypotheses structural world theory texture theory of truth things tion tive true tural ultimate unreality utter skeptic world hypotheses world-wide scope