ment. Without that sword we are nothing: we can do nothing. From that we are what we are this day we receive whatsoever it is that we at this present do assume. Under that we ought to live, to fight, to govern the people, and to perform all our affairs. From that alone we obtain all power, virtue, grace, salvation, and whatsoever we have of divine strength." Child as he was, so well had he been trained, and so excellent was his moral and intellectual nature, that he was capable of thus thinking and thus expressing himself. One, who was about his person, says of him, “If ye knew the towardness of that young prince, your hearts would melt to hear him named: ... the beautifullest creature that liveth under the sun; the wittiest, the most amiable, . . . and the gentlest thing of all the world." "No poor," says Fuller, "passeth by him without praising him, though none praising him to his full deserts."

QUEEN MARY.

Mary, the first female sovereign of this realm, was crowned on the 1st of October, 1553, by Stephen Gardiner, bishop of Winchester, the archbishops of York and Canterbury being then prisoners in the Tower. On the last day of September she went in state from the Tower to Westminster in an open chariot, drawn by six horses, covered with cloth of tissue. Holinshed says of her dress, "she sate in a gowne of purple velvet, furred with powdered ermines, having on hir head a kall of cloth of tinsell, beesett with pearle and stone, and above the same upon hir head, a round circlet of gold beesett so richlie with precious stones that the value thereof was inestimable, the same kall and circle being so massie and ponderous, that she was faine to beare up hir head with hir hand, and the canopie was borne over her chariot." In a second chariot came the Princess Elizabeth, and the Lady Anne of Cleves; the

ladies in waiting rode upon horses covered with trappings of crimson velvet and satin. Three pageants were erected in Fenchurch-street by the Genoese, Easterling, and Florentine merchants. That of the Florentines attracted most notice; it was a lofty tower, on the top of which were four pictures, and in the middle the figure of an angel; a trumpeter was concealed within the pageant, and whenever he sounded, the angel appeared to lift the trumpet to its mouth “to the great marvelling of manie ignorant people."

Among the city pageants, the most remarkable was that of St. Paul's cathedral, thus described by Holinshed:- "There was one Peter, a Dutchman, that stood on the weathercock of Paule's steeple, holding a streamer in his hand of five yards long, and waiving thereof, stood sometimes on the one foot and shooke the other, and then kneeled on his knees, to the great marvell of all people. He had made two scaffolds under him, one about the crosse, having torches and streamers set on it, and another over the ball of the crosse, likewise set with streamers and torches, which could not burn, the wind was so great. The said Peter had sixteen pounds, thirteene shillings, four pense for his costes, and paines, and all his stuffe."

The conduits ran with wine, and when the civic authorities received the queen at Cheape, the chamberlain presented her with a purse of tissue containing a thousand marks in gold.

There were so many exceptions in the general pardon published at this coronation, that it should rather be called an act of attainder; among the persons excepted by name were the archbishops of Canterbury and York, the bishop of London, and the two chief justices of England, Sir Edward Montacute and Sir Roger Cholmondelie, with several barons, knights, and gentlemen of the law who had advocated the title of Lady Jane Gray.

ELIZABETH.

We have already described some of the circumstances attending Queen Elizabeth's procession from the Tower to Westminster, and shall only notice here some of the most remarkable pageants. A scaffold was erected near Fenchurch, on which a band of music was placed; in the midst of which stood a child "appointed to welcome the queene's majestie in the whole citie's behalf." When Elizabeth arrived opposite the scaffold, the procession halted, and the child recited the following lines: O peerelesse sovereigne queene, Behold what this thy towne Hath thee presented with

At thy first entrance heere!
Behold, with how rich hope
She leades thee to thy crowne!
Behold, with what two gifts
She comforteth thy cheere!
The first is blessing toongs,

Which manie a welcome saie !

Which praie thou maiest doo well,
Which praise thee to the skie.
Which wish to thee long life,
Which blesse this happie daie,
Which to thy kingdom heapes
All that in toongs can lie.
The second is true hearts,

Which love thee from their root,
Whose sure is triumph now,
And ruleth all the game
Which faithfulnesse have wonne,
And all untruth driven out,
Which skip for joy, when as
They heare thy happie name.
Welcome therefore, O quene,
As much as toong can tell;
Welcome to ioyous toongs,

And hearts that will not shrinke

God thee preserve we praie

And wish thee ever well.

* Latin translations of the English verses, in this and the other pageants, were written on tablets, and affixed to the several scaffolds.

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After the last verse, the whole assembly gave a rapturous shout of approbation, and the queen returned thanks to her subjects. In Gracechurch-street, a pageant was erected representing the royal ancestry of Elizabeth, and the union, in her person, of the rival claims of the houses of York and Lancaster, which a child explained in the following lines:

The two princes that sit

Under one cloth of state,
The man in the red rose,

The woman in the white:
Henrie the Seventh and

Queene Elizabeth his mate,
By ring of marriage,

As man and wife unite.
Both heires to both their blouds,
To Lancaster the king,
The queene to York, in one
The two houses did knit ;
Of whome, as heire to both,
Henrie the Eighth did spring.
In whose seate, his true heire,
Thou, Queene Elizabeth, doost sit.
Therefore, as cruell warre

And shead of bloud did cease
When these two houses were
United into one.

So now that iarre shall stint,
And quietnesse increase,
We trust, O noble queene,

Thou wilt, because alone.

In the next pageant, on Cornhill, was a child representing hir maiestie's person, placed in a seat of government, supported by certeine vertues which suppressed their contrarie vices under their feet." This also was expounded by a child in the following lines:

While that religion true

Shall ignorance suppresse,
And with her weightie foot
Breake superstition's head;
While love of subjects shall
Rebellion distresse,

And with zeale to the prince
Insolencie downe tread,
While justice flattering toongs
And briberie can deface.
While follie and vaine glorie
To wisedome yeeld their hands,
So long shall governement

Not swarve from his right race.
But wrong decaieth still,

And right wisenesse up stands.
Now all thy subiects' hearts,

O prince of peerelesse fame,
Do trust these vertues shall
Mainteine up thy throne;
And vice be kept downe still,
The wicked put to shame,
That good with good may joy,

And naught with naught may mone.

Another pageant contained eight children who personified "the eight beatitudes expressed in the fift chapter of the Gospell of St. Mathew applied to Queen Elizabeth." At the "little conduit in Cheape," was a pageant representing Time and Truth; the former personage at first rather perplexed the queen; she asked who it was, and, being informed, jocularly replied, "Time! and time hath brought me hither." Truth lowered a Bible to the queen, which was graciously received. The lines spoken by the several personages are not of sufficient merit to be quoted. In the next

pageant, the queen was represented as Deborah, the heroine of Israel. Finally, Temple Bar " was dressed finelie with the two images of Gogmagog the Albion, and Corineus the Britain, two giants, big in stature, which held in their hand a table, wherein was written the effect of all the pageants which the citie before had erected."

Outside of the Bar, "one child, richlie attired as a poet," bade the queen farewell, in lines similar to those by which she had been welcomed.

During the procession, many poor women ran to the chariot and offered her nosegays, which she accepted: a