racked off from the sediment, into another cask, in which it was allowed to remain twelve months before it was bottled.

"The wine now sent to the Caledonian Horticultural Society, marked Vino pellite curas, was prepared in autumn 1805; so that it is at present five years old.

No. 2.-The wine to which the second prize was awarded was marked On n'est jamais trop vieux pour apprendre. The following was the receipt which accompanied it. "One Scotch pint of currant juice;

One Scotch pint and a half of water;

Three pounds of sugar; half lump sugar, and half soft sugar.

"Mix them together in a tub, then fill your barrel. What is over, keep for filling up, as it works over; but it is better not to fill up more than twice. When done working, add one Scotch pint of aquavitæ or brandy, to twenty pints of the fermented liquor.

"The wine sent, is flavoured with a small quantity of clary wine, the growth and manufacture of Drumsheugh."

No. 3. With the wine marked

Beatus ille qui procul negotiis,

-Horna dulci vino promens dolio,
Dapes inemptas apparet,

the following receipt was sent :

Squeeze the currants, when fully ripe, through a hair-searce. To every Scotch pint of juice, add two of cold water; and to every Scotch pint of liquid so mixed, a pound and a half of raw sugar. Dissolve the sugar thoroughly in some of the water before it be put into the barrel. It will begin to work in twenty-four hours. Fill it up every second day with sugar and water made very sweet,

sweet, (about one pound of sugar to a Scotch chopin of water), first taking off all the scum with a spoon.

fore

"If the weather happen to be very hot, and mentation go on very briskly, filling up every third day will do better than every second day. When the fermentation is over, bung it up close, and paste brown paper over the bung. Put leather between the bung and the barrel, to keep it very close. Bottle it nine months afterwards."

September 1811.

No. 1. The first prize was adjudged to wine marked The true Falernian, with which the following receipt was transmitted.

"This currant-wine was made in the year 1805, in thẻ proportion of one English pint of currant-juice, to two of water, with one pound of sugar; but with the Dutch red currant, which the makers of it consider as a great improvement, from the effect which that kind of currant has, both on the colour and taste of the wine; and on that account, it ought certainly to be more cultivated.

"Wine made of the Dutch red currant does not require any spirits; and will keep as well as any foreign wine."

No. 2.-Was marked Veritas, and according to the sealed letter which accompanied it, the fruit, sugar, and water, were as under:

"To every Scotch pint of juice, a pint and a half of water; and to every pint of the mixture, a pound and a half of sugar."

No. 3.-Was marked Noble deeds are done by wine. According to the receipt sent, it was prepared in the following proportions.

VOL. XXV.-SECOND SERIES. Bbb

"One

"One English pint white currant juice ;
One English pint water;
Ane pound of raw sugar.

At the end of ten days, the fermentation was mo

derated by the addition of a little malt spirit."

September 1812.

For the year 1812, a prize-medal was offered for the best home-made wine without the use of any imported material excepting sugar.

Thirty-two different kinds were presented to the Society, many of which were excellent. But the judges gave the preference to a wine marked

Ce vin d'Ecosse

Merite quelque chose ;

which was found to have been prepared according to the following receipt:

"For a twenty pint cask, five one-half pints of whitecurrant juice, eleven pints of water, and twenty-eight pounds of sugar are required. Mix all in a large tub; skim the liquor well; put it in a barrel, and fill up the barrel with water and sugar (one pound of sugar to a pint of water,) as long as the liquor ferments; afterwards add half a bottle of whisky; then bung up the barrel. The wine will be ready for bottling by April or May."

On

On the Employment of Sulphate of Soda (Glauber's Salt) in Glass-making.

By M. MARCEL DE SERRES.

From the ANNALES DES ARTS ET MANUFACTURES,

M. MARCEL was induced, in consequence of the trials made by Messrs. Baaden and Gehlen, in Germany, on the employment of sulphate of soda in glass-houses, to make a course of experiments, in order to determine on the method that might be most adyantageously fol lowed in this process.

The results of these different experiments are:

1. That Glauber's salt may be employed in the place of potash and soda, for the vitrification of silex, and that the glass obtained by this process is as good and fine as what is obtained by the common processes.

1

2. The vitrification of Glauber's salt with quartz, is but imperfect, even in the hottest fire; it is more perfect if lime be added to it, but this process is longer and requires a still stronger fire. Indeed, a perfect vitrification is obtained, by adding to the mixture which takes the sulphuric acid from the Glauber's salt, an acid which neutralises the action of the carbonate of this salt upon, the silex. The most simple method for this purpose to employ charcoal, as oxyd of lead is used for flint-glass. This operation can be done as well before as during the vitrification; it depends upon circumstances, but in all cases, it must be observed:

is

1. That the property of colouring the glass, prevails stronger in charcoal, even when employed in a very small quantity, than in any of the metallic oxyds.

2. That lime quenched by water is preferable to that which is quenched by the air.

3. That as the substance which has Glauber's salt for a solvent forms an abundant skim, it should be thrown into the pots only a little at a time.

4. This process requires that the labour be judiciously distributed, so that the person who attends to the mixtures and the fusion may not be diverted from these objects.

5. Glauber's salt, calcined with charcoal, is worth more than in its crude state; indeed much care is requisite in the choice of the substances of which the pots are manufactured, in order that they may resist the action of the mass in fusion.

We find Glauber's salt in several salt-works; it can however be procured, by crystallising the product of the combustion of the muriate with the vitriol of iron.

Iron filings mixed with sea-salt may be calcined together. During the calcination, the sulphurous part is converted into sulphuric acid, which puts the sea-salt into a state of solution; on being afterwards exposed to the air, the vitriol which is disengaged, then produces its effect.

It is in this manner that the Glauber's salt is manufactured in the mines of Frieberg in Saxony, but as this process does not appear advantageous, the following exe periments were made in order to find a less expensive method.

In the first trial twenty parts of iron filings and twenty parts of sea-salt were taken,

In the second, twenty parts of iron filings and ten parts of sea-salt.

In the third, half of the product of the first experi ment was combined with ten parts of iron filings.