to fhift from one fide of the fire to the other. Thefe, though they had externally the appearance of being ftrong and healthy, were yet leaft of all capable of bearing the hardfhips they were obliged to undergo; in con-, fequence of which they died two, three, and four in a day. This mortality prevailed among the crew from the 19th of December to the 29th, the corpfes being thrown into the fea. On the 19th the laft remainder of the wine was ferved out, and every one prepared for death. Some of them drank feawater, which haftened their deaths, while others had recourse to their own urine; and this latter beverage, joined with the precaution of eating as little falt provifion as poffible, contributed most of all to the prefervation of their lives. For the space of five days they continued in this dreadful fituation failing all the time to the north-eastward. On the 4th of January, one of them, who fat at the fore-part of the boat, defcried, fomewhat to the leeward, as it were the fhadow of land, and immediately informed the crew of it in an anxious tone of voice. Their eyes were now all turned to the object, and continued ftedfaftly fixed upon it; and by break of day they faw, with extreme joy, that it was really land. The fight of this infpired them with fresh vigour, fo that they now took to their oars, in order to arrive the fooner at the fhore; but this, on account of its great diftance, as well as of the fhortness of the day, which was only two hours long, they could not compafs. Befides, they could not long make ufe of their oars, as they were fo weak, and as the night foon overtook them; which, long as it was, feemed ftill longer to them from the impatience natural to men in their condition. The next morning, by day break, they loft fight of the land; however, to the leeward, they difcovered another mountainous country very near them. That they might not, on the following night, lofe fight of this, they took the bearings of it with the compafs, and then immediately fet fail for it with a fair wind, and arrived at it about four o'clock in the evening. When they approached near to it, they obferved that it was furrounded by a great number of fhallow places, for they heard very diftinctly the fea breaking upon them. They gave themfelves up, however, to the guidance of the Almighty; and once their boat being brought upon a fhoal, a vast wave came and carried it off again, at the fame time fetting them entirely out of danger, and upon a rock, which now was their great fecurity and prefervation. This was the only place where they could land, as the rock was encompaffed on every other fide by other projecting rocks. They therefore ran their on to the land, when thofe that were in the forepart of the boat leaped directly on fhore; and finding it entirely covered with fnow, they fwallowed the fnow in immenfe quantities, filling with it their parched and burning ftomachs and bowels. They likewise filled a kettle and water-pitcher for us that from weakness ftaid in the boat. -I must confefs, fays Quirini, that I fwallowed as much fnow as I fhould find it very difficult to carry on my back. It feemed to me as though all my welfare and happiness depended on my fwallowing it. However, this extravagant quantity of fnow agreed fo ill with five of our men, that they died that fame night, though, indeed, we confidered the fea water they had swallowed as the cause of their death. Having no ropes to faften the boat with, and thus prevent it from being dafhed in pieces, they remained in it the whole night. The next day, at dawn, thefe fixteen poor wretches, the only remains of forty-fix, went ashore, and laid themselves down in the fnow. Hunger, however, foon obliged them to examine whether there was not fome provifion ftill remaining of their flock; but they found nothing more than a few crumbs of biscuit in a bag mixed with the dung of mice, a very fmall ham, and an inconfiderable quantity of cheese. These they warmed by means of a fmall fire which they had made of the feats of the boat; and this, in fome measure, appeased their hunger. The day after, having convinced themselves, beyond a doubt, that the rock they were on was uninhabited and quite deferted, they were going to quit it; and accordingly, after filling five fmall cafks with-fnow water, got into the boat, when the inftant they entered it the water ran into it in torrents thro' all the feams, as during the whole of the preceding long night the boat had been dashing against the rock, infomuch that it went to the bottom immediately, and they were all obliged, quite wet through, to go afhore again. They now made of the oars and fails of the boats two fmall tents, by way of fheltering themfelves from the weather; and with the knees and planks of it, which they hewed in pieces, they kindled a fire to warm themselves by. The only food there was now left for them confifted in a few muscles and other fea-fhells, which they picked up on the fhore. Thirteen of the company were in one tent, and three in the other. The smoke of the wet wood occafioned their faces and eyes to fwell up to fo great a degree, that they were afraid of lofing their eye fight; and what still added to their fufferings was, that they were almost devoured by lice and maggots, which they threw by handfuls into the fire. Quirini's fecretary had the flesh on his neck eaten bare to the finews by thefe vermin, which indeed occafioned his death. 1786. Pictro Quirini's Voyage to the North. death. There died alfo three Spaniards befides, who were of a very robuft frame of body, but probably loft their lives in confequence of the fea-water they had drank. The thirteen ftill remaining alive were fo weak, that they were not able for the fpace of three days, to drag away the corpfes from the fire fide where they lay. Eleven days after this, Quirini's fervant going along the fhore to pick up mufcles, the only food they had, found on the fartheft point of the rock a small house built of wood, in which, as well as round about it they faw fome cow-dung. From this circumftance they had reafon to conclude that there were both men and cattle in the neighbourhood of this spot; an idea that ferved to revive their drooping fpirits, and infpired them with fresh hopes. This houfe offered them good shelter and house-room; and all but three or four of them who were too weak, went to occupy it, taking with them feveral bundles of wood from the ruins of their boat. With great difficulty they crawled thither through the deep fnow, the diftance being about a mile and a half. Two days after this, going along the shore to seek their ufual food of muscles and other fea fhells, one of the company found a very large fifh caft up by the fea, which appeared to weigh about 200 lb. weight, and to be quite sweet and frefh. This fifh was cut into fmall flices, and carried to their dwelling, where they directly fet about broiling it. But the fmell of it was fo extremely tempting, that they had not patience to wait till it was thoroughly dreffed, and eat it half raw. They continued gorging themselves with this fish, almoft without intermiffion, for the space of four days; but at length the evident decrease of this their ftock taught them to be more economical with it in future, so that it lafted them ten days longer. Thofe three that ftaid in one of the firft huts had fent one of their number to look for the reft; and as foon as he was refreshed with fome of the fish, he carried a part of it to his companions; and now they allaffembled together again in the wooden hovel they had difcovered. During the whole time that they had lived on the fifb,the weather was exceedingly tempestuous, fo that they certainly would not have been able to look out for muscles. Having made an end of their fifh, they were obliged to return to their firft refource of picking up mufcles where ever they could find them; and there being, about eight miles from them a rock inhabited by fishermen,it happened, that a man with two of his fons, came to this rocky iflot, which (as Fioravante informs us) was called Santi, (Sand ey or Sand ee), to look after fome cattle which had ftrayed away from them. The fons went ftraight to the hovel where thefe unfortunate Hib. Mag. Sept. 1786. 48: wretches were, for they had seen smoke afcend from it, a circumftance which greatly aftonifhed them, and became the fubject of their difcourfe. Their voices were heard, in fact, by the people in the house; but they fuppofed the noife to be nothing more than the fcreaming of the fea fowl, which had devoured the corpfes of their deceased companions. Notwithstanding which, Chriftopher Fioravante went out; when spying two youths, he ran in again in haste, and called to the reft aloud, that two men were come to feek them out. Upon this the whole company ran out immediately to meet the lads; who, on their parts were terrified at the fight of fuch a number of poor famished wretches. Indeed, these latter had debated with each other, whether they should not detain one or two of these visitors, with a view to make themselves more certain of procuring affiftance; but Quirini diffuaded them from putting in execution so very unadvisable a plan. They all accompanied the youths to their boat, and intreated the father and fons to take two of their people with them to their habitations, in order the fooner to procure them affiftance from thence. For this purpose they chose one Gerar, of Lyons, who had been purfer-of the ship, and one Cola of Otranto, a mariner, as these two men could speak a little French and German. The boat, with the fishermen and the two ftrangers, went to the island of Rufene (Roft or Roftoe) on a Friday. On their landing, the inhabitants were greatly aftonifhed at their arrival, but were not able to underftand them, though these latter addreffed them in different languages, till at last one of the ftrangers began to fpeak German a little with one of the company, a German prieft of the monks Predicant, and informed him who they were, and whence they came. On the 2d of February, the festival of the Purification of the Virgin Ma ry fell on a Sunday, when the prieft admonifhed all the people in Ruftene to affift the unhappy ftrangers to the utmoft of their power, at the fame time representing the difficulties they had undergone, and pointing to the famished wretches prefent. Many of the congregation were foftened even into tears, and refolved to bring away the reft of these miferable people as foon as poffible, which they did the next day. In the mean while, to thofe that remained behind in Santi, the time of their companions abfence appeared an age! and what with hunger and cold together they were almoft dead. Their joy at the first fight of the fix boats that went for them is not to be defcribed. The Dominican prieft inquired which of them was the fhip's captain; and when Quirini made himself known as fuch, he prefented him with fome PPP rye bread to eat, which he looked upon as manna, and fome beer to drink. After this the priest took him by the hand, and defired him to chofe out two of his company to go along with him. Quirini accordingly pitched upon Francis Quirini of Candi,and Chriftopher Fioravante a Venetian; when they all four went together in the boat of the principal man in Ruftene. The reft were diftributed in the other five boats. Nay more, these good Samaritans went likewife to the first dwelling place of these unfortunate people under the tent, and taking away with them the only furvivor of the three men who had ftaid behind from weakness,buried the others. The poor invalid, however, died the next day. The boats arrived at Ruftene, and Quirini was quartered with the principal perfon in the island. The fon led him by the hand on account of his great debility, to his father's dwelling; when the miftrefs of the houfe with her maid advanced to meet him, and Quirini going to fall at her feet, fhe would not permit him, but got immediately a bafon of milk for him out of the house, by way of comforting him and reftoring his ftrength. During three months and a half that Quirini fpent in this house he experienced the greatest friendship and humanity from the owners; while, on the other hand, he endeavoured by com plaifance to acquire the good will of his hofts, and to requite their benevolence. The other partners, too, of his misfortunes were diftributed into the different houfes of the place, and taken good care of. The rocky ifle of Loft lies feventy Ita lian miles to the weftward of the fouthermoft promontory of Norway, which in their language they call the World's backside (Cule Mundi). It is three miles in circumference. This rock is inhabited by one hundred and twenty fculs, of whom feventy two, like good Catholic Chriftians, received the communion on Eafter-day with great devotion. They get their livelihood and maintain their fainilies by fishing, as there grows no corn of any kind in this remote part of the world. For in all this time, during the three months of May, June, and July, they have but one continued day; as the fun never fets with refpect to them. In the oppofite months of the winter they have alfo but one continued night, and they are never without the light of the moon. They catch during the whole year an incredible quantity of fish: thefe, however, are of two different forts only; one which they catch in an incredible number in the greater bays, is called flockfish (gadus morrhua); and the other is a kind of flat fifh, of an aftonishing fize, for one of them was found to weigh near two hundred pounds. The flock fifh is dried, without in the air and fun; and as there is not much fat and moisture in them, they grow as dry as wood. When they are prepared for eating, they are beaten with the back part of the hatchet, by which manœuvre they are divided into filaments like nerves: after this they are dreffed with butter and fpices to give them a relish. With this commodity the people here carry on a confi derable trade beyond fea with Germany. The halibuts are cut into pieces on account of their fize, and then falted; in which ftate they eat very well. With these fish they afterwards in the month of May load a ship of about fifty tuns burden, and fend them to Bergen, a place in Norway, about one thousand miles diftant from them; whither likewife at this time of the year a great number of fhips, from three hundred to three hundred and fifty tuns burden, carry all the produce of Germany, England, Scotland, and Pruffia; together with every thing neceflary in regard to food, drink, and cloathing; and these fish they barter for thofe commodities and neceffaries, because their country being entirely barren and unfruitful, they confequently have no ufe for money. Immediately as the exchange is made they return home, landing in one place only, whence they carry wood for the whole year for burning and for other exigen cies. MONGST the many things that pre A lent themselves to the public, as mat ters of fpeculation, no one, perhaps, will be found to ftand more forward for that purpofe, than the various employments gi ven to men, that seem adapted to the fairsex. Indeed, in reviewing the fubject, it is hard y poffible to determine, whether our anger, or our pleasantry, thould be moft provoked. Who, for inftance, can pals by a haberdasher's or milliner's fhop, and not smile with the most ineffable contempt, at the overgrown monsters we fee behind the counters thereof, ferving out a yard and a half of bobbin, or retailing a piece of tape? What a pity it is, I have often thought, that fuch men fhould have their knowledge confined to the difcriminating a short whites from a row of minikins, and afcertaining, though to fuch a nicety, what fort of thread may be fit for a particular needle! In my opinion, it would much better become a woman to recommend a piece of binding for a lady's petticoat, than fuch a fett of lufty fellows, who might be with much more credit to themselves, and we to the community, employed either in the ar my, or the navy. ་..” row of But 1786. An Effay on Painting in Glass. But this is but a very small part, indeed, of what may reafonably be fuppofed to form a foundation for the present frictures. -What can be more ridiculous, what can be more indelicate, or indeed, more improper, than for a lady to fit down to a great, tall, ftrapping fellow, and hoift up her foot to him, for the purpose of his measuring her for a pair of shoes; and who, when he has done them, and brought them home, never fails to make them a little too big, or too fmall, in order to ferve as a pretence for his fqueezing and twifting, and turning her foot about, for the purpose of trying them on. I proteft I have often been put to the blush in paffing Capelftreet, to fee fome very modeft women, fitting moft patiently, and refigning one of their feet, or rather legs, to one of thefe men fhoemakers, who, after handling it at their pleasure, find out a pair to fit them. In treating of this topic, it will, no doubt, be naturally expected, that fome notice fhould be taken of the indecency, to fay nothing worse of it, there furely is, in fuffering men to exercife the trade of flaymaking, a bulinefs that certainly ought to be confined to women alone; for furely no impropriety can be more glaring, than permitting a man, and merely because he calls himself a flay-maker, to measure the vaifts of our wives and daughters, and feel, upon bringing their stays home, whether they come low enough, or fit eady on their breafts! Indeed, it may be faid, that this is not confined merely to this country, and is not a new practice in it; but neither of the facts can poffibly plead in defence of it, though, in addition to it, it is well known, that in France there are fuch things as men mantua-makers, two of whom are very frequently feen carrying horne a facque, or fancy drefs, in a large basket, for fear of having it tumbled, or put out of form. Another great impropriety, and which has been making very rapid ftrides, indeed, of late years, is the prepofterous practice women make, of permitting men to drefs their hair! Formerly, and not a great many years ago, our women were afraid to have their hair ever feen, at leaft, out of their own family; but now, our wives and daughters, even the moft difcreet dames, and modeft miffes, have their friffeurs for hours together firaddling over them, in their very chambers, and taking liberties with them, under cover of their bufinefs, which they would fhudder to think of granting even to their very fweethearts! I might yet much enlarge upon this fubject, but truft I have already faid enough to fhew the monflrous abfurdity of employ 483 ing men in bufineffes that ought to be followed by women only; and it is impoffible, but that the many evils refulting from it, muft appear in their meridian glare, upon the very first blush of the matter. The employing women in those callings that properly belong to them, would not only be more decent, and conducive to morality and virtue, but would give a livelihood to many thousand unfortunate women, who, robbed of the only means, perhaps, by which they can ever hope to get their bread, are too often induced to refort to those ways which are, at once, fo deftructive of their peace and happiness! In hopes that my ftrictures on a subject, which feems to require very ferious confideration, may be thought worthy a place in your much-admired MAGAZINE, I have done myself the pleasure of offering you fome crude thoughts thereon, and should be happy to fee them improved upon by fome abler pen, than that of your corref pondent, ELIZA. An Effay on Painting in Glass. "HE firft method of painting in Glafs T was very fimple, it confifted in the mere arrangement of pieces of glafs of different colours in fome fort of fymmetry, and conftituted what is now called Mofaic-work, as may be seen in the church of St. Mark, in Venice. In procefs of time they came to attempt more regular defigns, and alfo to reprefent figures enlightened with all their fhades; yet they proceeded no farther than the contour, or outline of the figure in black with water colours, and hatching the draperies in black, after the fame manner on glaffes of the colour of the objects they defigned to paint. For carnation they used glass of a bright red colour, and upon this they drew the principal lineaments of the face, &c. with black. But after the art had ftood for fome centuries in this ftate, the tafte for this fort of painting improved confiderably, and the art being found applicable to the adorning of churches, halls, palaces, &c. the artifts found out means of incorporating the colours in the glafs itself, by heating the glafs in the fire to a proper degree, having first laid on the colours, which were far different from thofe used in painting in either oil or water. This art was then carried to a very high degree of perfection. In the windows of fome ancient churches, there are yet to be feen the most beautiful and vivid colours imaginable; but the method of thus ftaining the glafs throughout its whole fubftance was long loft; and of confequence the ancient paintings that were preferved became daily more eftimable. There are now feven win 484 A remarkable Incident in the Bedford Family.-Meditation upon a River. Sept. dows in the chapel of Lincoln's-Inn, in London, in which are reprefented at full length, of a natural fize, the twelve Apoftles, the Evangelifts, and the Prophets of the Old Teftament, of the most compleat beauties. These windows were destined for deftruction by the Puritans in the year 1650, but the Benchers of that Inn faved them by paying 7000l. to Oliver Cromwell for leave to take them down and preferve them, which they did, till thereftoration of Charles II. in 1660, gave them an opportunity of withdrawing them from their hiding places, and fetting them up again in the faid chapel, where they now remain to the admiration of every beholder. Thefe windows, with that of Chrift's College, Oxford, fome panes ftained with arms at the feat of Sir Walter Blunt, in Shropshire, and fome few in Weftminster Abbey, are the fole remains of the ancient method of painting in glass, in England; the multitudes of other glafs paintings, being either merely fuperficial, or not penetrating the fubftance more than the eighth of an inch. For upwards of four centuries this fine art was loft to the world, but the industry of fome artifts, and the great improvements in Chemistry, have revived it within the laft ten or twelve years. Two gentlemen in London have produced fome works in the ancient manner, that are truly admirable, and we have juft now feen the art reftored in Dublin. A mere youth, (the fon of Mr. Peter Seguin of Clarendon-ftreet) by dint of genius and application, and profiting by the almoft unbounded knowledge in chemiftry of Mr. John Clarke of Lazar's-hill, hath now produced fome fpecimens of ftained glafs, that for delicacy of execution, and brilliancy of colour can vie with the moft elegant productions of antiquity. He hath compleated fixteen different pieces, which are now at his father's houfe, and have delighted all who have feen them. A fincere wish to promote an extenfion of the fine arts in Ireland, and encourage an Irish artift induces us to give the following catalogue: 2 Four antique figures, copied from paintings difcovered in the ruins of Pom3 peia, within borders of crimson and gold. 7. A fhip between two high mountains. -The light glancing on the water is excellent. 8. A Landscape on a navigable river, within a border of transparent gold, exquifitely rich. 9. The defcent of Orpheus into hell, playing on his lyre, to charm the triple-headed dog, Cerberus. The tints of this piece are beautifully varied, and the flame glowing beyond expreffion. 10. Two travelling Angels, delicate, and in a beautiful stile. 11. A fea-view, at noon, with fhipping. 12. A fea-piece by night, a veffel firing at a fort, and reviving the fire. 13. An enraptured Apollo, finely expref fed. 14. A bag-piper and his dog, in the grotefque ftile. 15. Its companion, a Dutch Boor, at dinner; the fun fhining on him through a window, hath a beautiful effect. 16. Venus Aphrodifia, rifing from the A remarkable Incident in the Bedford Fa- HE Thountess of Bedford, wife of the fifth Earl of Bedford, and mother to the excellent Lord Ruffe!, died before her husband was advanced to the dukedom. The manner of her death was remarkable. She was very accomplished, in mind as well as perfon, though the was the daughter of Robert Carr, Earl of Somerfet, by the diffolute Countess of Effex. But the guilt of her parents, and the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury, had been induftriously concealed from her, fo that all the knew was her conjugal infelicity, and their living latterly in the fame house without ever meeting. Coming one day into her Lord's ftudy, her mind oppreffed and weakened by the death of Lord Ruffel, the Earl being inftantly called away, her eye, it is fuppofed, was fuddenly caught by a thin folio, which was lettered, Trial of the Earl and Countess of Somerset. She took it down, and turning over the leaves, was ftruck to the heart by the guilt and conviction of her parents. She fell back, and was found by her husband dead in that pofture, with the book lying open before her. 5 A view of the entrance of an harbour, by moon-light. The harbour is defended by two caftles; on a bank under the walls of one of them, on the fore-ground, is feen a ship on the careen, the feamen burning the weed from the bottom.-The effect of the fireRIVER,thy fate refembles that of mor and its contraft with the pallid beams of the moon are admirably executed. 6. A view of an ancient tower by the fea The light which comes through a ch is happily displayed. Meditation upon a River. tals! With a precipitate course we both hurry on; you to the fea, and we to gloomy death. But, alas! that's the only refemblance between your courfe and ours! you without remorfe or terror, purfue the bent of your nature: no law,in you,renders it criminal. Old |