Slavery in the Twentieth Century: The Evolution of a Global ProblemBloomsbury Publishing PLC, 2003. máj. 28. - 505 oldal In her new book, well-known Africanist Suzanne Miers places modern slavery in its historical context, tracing the phenomenal development of the international anti-slavery movement over the last hundred years. She demonstrates how the problems of eradication seem greater and more intractable today than they had ever been, showing how slavery has expanded to include newer forms from 1919 to 2000, some of them crueler than the chattel slavery so familiar to the public mind. Miers describes the targets of ongoing anti-slavery campaigns, including forced labor, forced prostitution, forced marriage, the exploitation of child labor and of migrant and contract labor. She centers her story on Great Britain's efforts to suppress the slave trade since the late eighteenth century, and draws upon her extensive work in Africa, where slavery has attracted the greatest humanitarian and international attention. This book is a valuable resource for those interested in world history, slavery, race and ethnic history, international human rights, and labor in the world economy. |
Tartalomjegyzék
The Rise of the British Antislavery Movement | 1 |
The Outlawing of the British Slave Trade | 3 |
The Abolition of Slavery in British Colonies | 4 |
Indentured or Contract Labor | 6 |
The British and Foreign AntiSlavery Society and Universal Abolition | 7 |
Forging a Treaty Network against the Slave Trade | 14 |
Building the British Treaty Network | 15 |
The Partition of Africa and the Loopholes in the Maritime Treaty Network | 18 |
The AntiSlavery Society and British Policy | 200 |
The Definition of Slavery | 207 |
Practices Restrictive of the Liberty of the Person | 208 |
The Establishment of a Permanent Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery | 209 |
The Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery | 216 |
Choosing the Experts | 217 |
The Rules of Procedure | 218 |
Defusing Opposition by Redefining Slavery | 219 |
The Berlin Declaration 1885 | 19 |
The Brussels Act of 1890 | 20 |
The Brussels Act and the Justification of Colonial Rule | 21 |
The Brussels and Zanzibar Bureaus | 22 |
The Impact of the Brussels Act | 23 |
Emancipation in Theory and Practice | 29 |
The British Indian Model of Emancipation | 30 |
The Concept of Benign Slavery and the British Definition of Slavery | 31 |
British Antislavery Policy in Africa | 32 |
Indian Model of Emancipation in British African Territories | 34 |
Emancipation in the African Territories of Other Colonial Powers | 38 |
The Slow Decline of Slavery in Africa | 41 |
From Slavery to New Forms of Exploitation | 47 |
Britains Dilemma over Sāo Tomé and Principe | 48 |
Britain and the Congo Scandal | 51 |
Britain and the Putumayo Scandal | 53 |
New International Machinery | 58 |
The Mandates System | 59 |
The Abrogation of the Berlin and Brussels Acts in 1919 | 61 |
The International Labor Organization ILO | 62 |
Ethiopia the League of Nations and Slavery | 66 |
Harris Goes to the League of Nations | 72 |
Britain and Ethiopian Admission to the League of Nations | 74 |
The Secret Trade of the Red Sea | 76 |
Ethiopia Joins the League of Nations | 78 |
Slavery in Hijaz | 87 |
Slavery in Hijaz in the early 1920s | 88 |
Britain and the Hijazi Slave Trade | 91 |
Consular Manumission | 94 |
The Temporary Slavery Commission and the Expanding | 100 |
Choosing Experts | 102 |
The Commission Defines Its Mandate and Evaluates Its Evidence | 106 |
Playing the Antislavery Game | 110 |
The Protection of Women and Children | 111 |
DebtBondage | 112 |
Forced Labor | 113 |
The Results of the Temporary Slavery Commission | 115 |
The Slavery Convention of 1926 | 121 |
The League of Nations of Nations Draft Convention 1925 | 122 |
Humanitarian Criticism of the Draft Convention | 124 |
The Maritime Articles of the Draft Convention | 125 |
The Slavery and Forced Labor Articles | 126 |
Final Negotiations at the League over the Slavery Convention of 1926 | 128 |
The Importance of the Slavery Convention of 1926 | 130 |
The International Labor Organization and the Forced Labor Convention | 134 |
Forced Labor for Public Works | 135 |
Forced Labor for Private Enterprises | 136 |
Forced Crop Growing | 138 |
Communal Labor | 139 |
The Forced Recruitment of Contract Labor | 140 |
Britain and the ILO Proposal for a Forced Labor Convention | 141 |
The Colonial Powers Water Down the Convention | 143 |
The Forced Labor Convention of 1930 | 146 |
Results of the Forced Labor Convention | 148 |
The League of Nations and Slavery in the British Empire | 152 |
Slavery and the Slave Trade in Sudan | 153 |
The Final Attack on Slavery in Sierra Leone | 156 |
The Sale of Mui Tsai | 157 |
Slaves or Servants in the Bechuanaland Protectorate? | 161 |
Slavery in the Aden Protectorate and Britains Satellites on the Persian Gulf | 164 |
The Official Mind of Colonialism | 166 |
The Problems of a Moral Foreign Policy 19251932 | 174 |
Slavery in Saudi Arabia | 179 |
The Maritime Slave Trade | 183 |
Liberia the League of Nations and Practices Akin to Slavery | 188 |
The Committee of Experts on Slavery | 197 |
Choosing the Experts | 199 |
Maxwells Attempts to Extract Honest British Reports | 221 |
The Committee Gets to Work | 224 |
Maxwells Failure to Change the Rules of Procedure | 231 |
Slavery in a Changing World 19321939 Ethiopia | 239 |
Reform and the Italian Conquest | 244 |
The ACE and Italian AntiSlavery Propaganda | 246 |
Britains Continuing Dilemma over Slavery in Ethiopia | 247 |
Slavery in a Changing World 19321939 Arabia the Red Sea and Persian Gulf | 254 |
Breakthrough in Yemen | 260 |
The Red Sea Slave Trade and the Pilgrimage | 262 |
Britain and Slavery in the Persian Gulf | 263 |
Slavery in the Aden Protectorate | 267 |
The Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery 19361939 | 278 |
Colonial Africa | 279 |
Burma and India | 282 |
Unfree Child LaborMui Tsai | 283 |
DebtBondage Including Pawning and Peonage | 287 |
Serfdom | 288 |
The Demise of the ACE | 289 |
Shortcomings in the International Antislavery Mechanisms | 293 |
The Slavery Question from 1939 to 1949 | 300 |
Slavery in the Aden Protectorate | 304 |
The Slave Trade in Arabia and the Persian Gulf | 306 |
The Cold War and the Supplementary Slavery Convention of 1956 | 317 |
Slavery Forced Labor and the Cold War | 320 |
The Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery 19501951 | 323 |
Drafting the Supplementary Convention of 1956 | 326 |
The Results of the Supplementary Convention | 331 |
The End of Slavery in Arabia and the Persian Gulf 19501970 | 339 |
Slavery and the Buraimi Conflict | 342 |
The Abolition of slavery in Muscat and Oman | 345 |
The Abolition of Slavery in Saudi Arabia | 347 |
The Suppression of Slavery in the Aden Protectorates and Yemen | 350 |
Slavery at the United Nations 19561966 | 358 |
Slavery at the United Nations 19561966 | 359 |
The Special Rapporteurs Inquiry | 361 |
International Politics and the Awad Report | 363 |
Awads Recommendations | 364 |
Results of the Awad Report | 365 |
The Defeat of the Proposal for a United Nations Slavery Committee | 366 |
The Final Struggle for a United Nations Slavery Committee 19661974 | 373 |
Slavery and the SubCommission | 376 |
The Appointment of Another Special Rapporteur on Slavery | 379 |
The AllParty Parliamentary Group on Slavery | 381 |
A UN Working Group on Slavery Finally Established | 384 |
Past Efforts and Future Problems | 385 |
Epilogue The UN Working Group on Contemporary Forms of Slavery | 392 |
Governments and the Working Group | 400 |
The Growing Involvement of UN Bodies and Specialized Agencies | 402 |
The Vital Role of NGOs | 403 |
Contemporary Forms of Slavery | 415 |
Chattel Slavery and Its Vestiges | 418 |
DebtBondage | 423 |
The Exploitation of Children | 425 |
Adult Trafficking and Forced Prostitution | 432 |
Servile Marriage Early and Forced Marriage | 434 |
Cult or Ritual Slavery | 436 |
Conclusion The Antislavery Campaign in the Twentieth Century | 445 |
The United Nations and Slavery to 1975 | 449 |
The Achievements and Failings of the UN Working Group | 450 |
The Need for Rigorous Definitions in Conventions | 452 |
Results of the Antislavery Campaign in the Twentieth Century | 453 |
Bibliography | 457 |
485 | |
About the Author | |
Más kiadások - Összes megtekintése
Slavery in the Twentieth Century: The Evolution of a Global Problem Suzanne Miers Korlátozott előnézet - 2003 |
Slavery in the Twentieth Century: The Evolution of a Global Problem Suzanne Miers Korlátozott előnézet - 2003 |
Gyakori szavak és kifejezések
Addis Ababa Aden Aden Protectorate administration African Anti-Slavery Society appointed April areas asked August Awad Brit.Emp Britain British Brussels Act claimed coast Colonial Office colonial powers Commission committee confidential consul debt-bondage December delegate dhows discussion draft ECOSOC enclosed Ethiopia feared February FMAE FOCP forced labor Foreign Office forms of slavery French girls governor Greenidge Group Hadhramaut Haile Selassie Harris Human Rights humanitarian ibid Ibn Saud India International Italian January Jiddah July June laws League of Nations Lugard Papers Maji mandate manumission March Maxwell memorandum minutes mui tsai Muscat Muslim NGOs November October owners Persian Gulf political Portuguese problem proposed prostitution protect Protectorate question raiding Red Sea rulers Sandford Saudi Arabia sent September session shaykh Simon slave trade Slavery Convention Sub-Commission Sudan sultan territories tion traffic treaty Trucial United Nations wanted women Yemen